Basic Laws of Thermodynamics

• QQQ: Heat added to the system
• WWW: Work done by the system

Second Law of Thermodynamics

• Statement: The entropy of an isolated system always increases over time.
• Entropy (S): A measure of disorder or randomness in a system.
• Implication: Heat cannot spontaneously flow from a colder body to a hotter body without external work.

Third Law of Thermodynamics

• Statement: As the temperature of a system approaches absolute zero, the entropy approaches a constant minimum.
• Implication: It’s impossible to reach absolute zero in a finite number of steps.