The voltage and current in DC system are constant so that there is no problem of specifying their magnitudes, whereas in AC system, the alternating voltage and current vary from time to time. Hence, it is necessary to explain the ways to express the magnitude of alternating voltage and current. The following three ways are adopted to express the magnitude of these quantities:
- Peak value
- Average value or Mean value
- Effective value or rms value
The rms value of an alternating quantity (voltage or current) represents the real magnitude, whereas the peak and average values are important in some of the engineering applications.
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