INTRODUCTION

Transformer is considered to be a backbone of a power system. One of the main reasons of adopting alternate current (AC) system instead of direct current (DC) system for generation, transmission, and distribution of electric power is that the alternating voltage can be increased or decreased conveniently by means of a transformer. In fact, for economical reasons, electric power is required to be transmitted at high voltages, whereas it has to be utilized at low voltages from safety point of view. This increase in voltage for transmission and decrease in voltage for utilization can only be achieved by using a transformer. Hence, it is described that transformer is backbone of a power system. In this chapter, we shall discuss the general features and principle of operation of single-phase transformers.