Author: workhouse123
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INSTRUMENTS AND THEIR CLASSIFICATION
In the field of engineering, various types of quantities such as physical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and electrical are involved. For records, these quantities are required to be measured by different methods using different types of instruments. Electrical measuring instruments are widely used in the modern engineering world because of their accuracy, convenience, and reliability. These…
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CONCEPT OF MEASUREMENTS
To measure the magnitude of a quantity, a fixed quantity of that kind is taken as basis, and then, whole quantity is compared with it. The fixed quantity that is taken as basis is called unit and the process of comparing the quantity with this unit is termed as measurement. In other words, measurement means…
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INTRODUCTION
In the field of engineering, various types of quantities such as physical, chemical, mechanical, thermal, and electrical are involved. For records, these quantities are required to be measured by different methods using different types of instruments. Electrical measuring instruments are widely used in the modern engineering world because of their accuracy, convenience, and reliability. These…
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NOTATION OF PHASOR ON RECTANGULAR CO-ORDINATE AXES
Consider a phasor lying along OX-axis as shown in Figure 7.61. The phasor is reversed when it is multiplied by −1, that is, the phasor is rotated through 180° in counter clockwise (CCW) direction and attains the position along OX′-axis. Let us consider j as a factor which when multiplied by the phasor , the phasor is rotated through 90°…
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METHOD OF PHASOR ALGEBRA OR SYMBOLIC METHOD OR J-METHOD
Before applying the method of phasor algebra for solving parallel AC circuits, let us have an idea of important topics of phasor algebra. A technique, developed by engineers, to represent a phasor in an algebraic (i.e., mathematical) form is known as phasor algebra or complex algebra. This technique has provided a relatively simple but powerful…
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ADMITTANCE METHOD
Before applying this method for the solution of parallel AC circuits, the reader should be familiar with the following important terms: 7.19.1 Admittance The reciprocal of impedance of an AC circuit is called admittance of the circuit. Since impedance is the total opposition to the flow of AC in an AC circuit, the admittance is the…
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PHASOR (OR VECTOR) METHOD
To solve parallel AC circuits by this method, we proceed as follows: Step I: Draw the circuit as per the given problem, as shown in Figure 7.47(a) (here, for illustration, we have considered two branches connected in parallel. One branch contains resistance and inductance in series, whereas second branch contains resistance and capacitance in series. The supply voltage…
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METHODS OF SOLVING PARALLEL AC CIRCUITS
In parallel circuits, a number of branches are connected in parallel. Each branch, generally, contains number of components such as resistance, inductance, and capacitance forming series circuits. Therefore, each branch is analysed separately as a series circuit, and then, the effects of separate branches are combined together. While carrying out circuit calculations, the magnitudes and…
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AC PARALLEL CIRCUITS
The AC circuits in which number of branches are connected in such a manner so that voltage across each branch is the same, but current flowing through them is different are called AC parallel circuits. The parallel circuits are used more frequently in AC system because of the following reasons:
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Q−FACTOR OF SERIES RESONANT CIRCUIT
We have seen that at series resonance, the circuit draws the largest current from the mains, this produces a heavy voltage across L or C. The factor by which the potential difference across L or C increases to that of the applied voltage is called the Q-factor of the series resonant circuit. where The value of Q−factor depends entirely upon the design of coil…