Author: workhouse123
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What is in a drug?
The chemical in the drug that affects physiological functioning is the active ingredient of the drug. For most drugs, the amount of chemical needed to cause an effect is very small, often as small as 5 micrograms; this is 0.005% of a gram! As you can imagine this is too small to package and handle, these ingredients…
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What is a drug?
A drug is a chemical that interacts with proteins in the body to affect a physiological function. This is the general idea behind all medicine. Once these chemicals are absorbed into the systemic circulation they bind with certain proteins and this changes the functioning of the cell slightly. For example, anticancer drugs bind to proteins on…
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Introduction to pharmacology
The study of drugs or chemicals and the effects they have on living animals is called pharmacology. Pharmacology explains what drugs are, what they do to body functions and what the body does to them. Pharmacology also explains why a person may experience side effects when they take drugs and why there is such a wide spectrum of differences between drug actions…
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Immunology Techniques
This is an experimental method used for studying the structure and functions of the immune system. There are different techniques, which includes:
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Immunology and Diseases
Immunological diseases are caused by defects in immune system. The immune system may be hyperactivated to release antibodies and other chemicals. This results in allergy and anaphylaxis. Sometimes the immune system fails to differentiate self cells from no-self cells, resulting in autoimmune diseases. In this situation, the immune system is challenged and evoke responses that damage…
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Adaptive Immune System
The adaptive immune system is required to fight against pathogens that cannot be controlled by innate immune defences. It is also referred to as the acquired immune system because it is acquired during the course of life. They are specific to the type of pathogen invading the body. All the components of the adaptive immune…
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Innate Immune System
Immune System fights against microbes and prevent their entry inside the body. Innate Immune System is composed of cells and proteins that are always present and are ready to fight against microbes in the infection area. Innate Immune System is present from the time of our birth. Main elements of the innate immune system are –
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Types of Immune System
We, humans, have two types of Immune system and are classified based on whether they are present at the time of birth or not.
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Immune System
Immune system consists of different types of cells and organs which protect our body against pathogens. Pathogens are defined as microorganisms that cause infections in the body such as bacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoans. Antigens are molecules that elicit antibody generation. They can be everything that does not belong to our body, from parasites to…