Category: 1. CONCEPTS OF CIRCUIT THEORY

The charge on an electron is very small, and it is not convenient to take it as the unit of charge. Therefore, coulomb2 is used as the unit of charge in practice. Hence, the practical unit of charge is coulomb.   1 coulomb = charge on 628 × 1016 electrons   If a body is said to…

Every substance or body is electricity neutral as all the atoms of the body contain equal number of electrons and protons. Fig. 1.2  Charged bodies (a) Positively charged body(b) Negatively charged body However, when some electrons are detached from the body, a deficit of electrons occurs. As a result, the body attains positive charge [Fig. 1.2(a)],…

It has been observed that every matter is electrical in nature, since it contains charged particles such as protons and electrons. Therefore, the following points are observed:

Previously, to define electricity, several theories were developed through experiments and by observing its behaviour. Among them, the well-explained theory was ‘Modern Electron Theory of Matter’. This theory was developed based on the research works of the famous scientists Sir William Crooks, J. J. Thomson, Robert A. Milliken, Sir Earnest Rutherford, and Neils Bohr. According…

The invisible energy that constitutes the flow of electrons in a closed circuit to do work is called ‘electricity’. It is a form of energy that can be easily converted to any other form. Previously, it was thought that electricity is a matter which flows through the circuit to do work. However, now it has…

Electricity plays an important role in our day-to-day life, and hence, we should be aware of the various functions that electricity can perform. It is mainly used for lighting (lamps), heating (heaters), cooling (refrigerators), entertainment (radio and TV), transportation (electric traction), calculations (calculators), etc. Nowadays, all our basic needs are completely dependent upon electricity. Hence, it…