Category: 3. ELECTROSTATICS AND CAPACITORS

On a conductor or body, charge can be distributed in three ways: 3.11.1  Linear Charge Distribution When the charge is uniformly distributed over a line (straight or circular), the distribution is called linear charge distribution. If a charge Q is distributed over the length l of the conductor, then its linear charge density ( λ) is given by the relation: Hence,…

Electric flux through an area is defined as the number of electric lines of force passing perpendicularly through that area. It is a scalar quantity and is denoted by Ψ. Fig. 3.12  Electric flux through an area Consider an area S placed in an electric field  and  is a small area vector element, then small flux ( d Ψ ) passing through small area…

Consider a charge of + Q coulomb placed in a medium of relative permittivity εr, as shown in Figure 3.9. To determine electric flux density at point P, consider an imaginary sphere passing through point P having radius d. Fig. 3.9  Electric flux density at a point near a charged body The electric flux emanated by the charge in all directions = Q coulomb The surface…

It has been already discussed that electric field is represented by electric lines of force. The strength of the electric field is different at different points and is called field strength or field intensity or electric intensity. The strength or intensity of an electric field at a point depends upon the concentration of electric lines…

It has been already discussed that electric field is represented by electric lines of force. The strength of the electric field is different at different points and is called field strength or field intensity or electric intensity. The strength or intensity of an electric field at a point depends upon the concentration of electric lines…

The electric flux crossing per unit area at a given section in an electric field is known as electric flux density at that section. It is generally represented by letter σ (or D). Mathematically, Electric flux density  where Ψ = electric flux in coulombs passing normally through an area A m2. The unit of electric flux density is coulomb per square metre…

It has already been seen that a positively charged body emanates electric lines of force, whereas these lines of force are terminated at the negatively charged body. The total electric lines of force emanated from a positive charge is called electric flux. Electric flux, in fact, is a measure of the overall size of electric…

When a charged body is kept at some place, a region surrounding this body comes under stress and strain. According to Coulomb’s Law, if a charge (positive or negative) is brought into this stressed region, a force of repulsion or attraction is experienced by it. This stressed region around a charged body is called electric…

While discussing electrostatic phenomenon, a certain property of the medium called permittivity plays an important role. In fact, permittivity is the property of a medium that affects the magnitude of force exerted between two point charges. The greater the permittivity of a medium placed between the charged bodies, the lesser the force between them. The…

Charles Coulomb, a French scientist, performed a number of experiments to see the effect of placing small charges near each other. From his experimental observations, he drew some conclusions and summed them up into two laws, known as Coulomb’s Laws of Electrostatics: Fig. 3.1  Charges kept in a medium Mathematically, where Q1 and Q2 = strength of two point…