Category: ESSENTIAL SERVICES IN BUILDINGS

Electrical power is provided to the building by the Government. Electricity is distributed in small towns and villages by overhead wires. But in large cities and towns the distribution is done through underground cables. The supply of electricity is including the cables up to the electric metre. In order to isolate the main supply from…

Wastewaters coming from kitchen sink, washbasins and urinals are not containing any solid matter. But sewage a solid material has to be treated such that it also could be converted as a wastewater. 27.4.1 Need for Treatment of Sewage Nearly 75% of the water supplied returns back in the form of wastewater. As there is…

In villages and in some towns where municipal water supply is not available, water is obtained from private wells. In such places, usually the water is pumped up to an elevated storage tank from where the distribution to the building is carried out. In large towns and cities, municipal water, after due treatment, is available…

The following factors are to be considered while designing plumbing services to buildings:

Plumbing services is the entire system of piping, fixtures, applications, etc., for providing water supply or drainage to a building or premises. A plumbing water supply system consists of water supply and distribution with the use of pipes, control valves, pipe layout, storage tanks, etc. A plumbing drainage system consists of collection and disposal of…

Essential elements for the human beings to live in a house with a minimum comfort are water supply, drainage arrangements and electrical power supply. Biologically, water is required for the human beings for the satisfactory performance of physiological organisms, as a circulatory fluid, as a carrier of nourishing food and for the removal of products…