{"id":2266,"date":"2024-08-04T21:25:44","date_gmt":"2024-08-04T21:25:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/?p=2266"},"modified":"2024-08-04T21:25:44","modified_gmt":"2024-08-04T21:25:44","slug":"heating-values","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/2024\/08\/04\/heating-values\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00a0Heating Values"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The thermal properties of a pure substance are defined using internal energy, u, enthalpy, h, specific heat, Cp, etc.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Heating values of a fuel ( kJ\/kg or MJ\/kg) are generally used to define the&nbsp;<strong>maximum amount of hea<\/strong><strong>t<\/strong>&nbsp;that is generated by combustion with air at standard conditions ( STP). The temperature and pressure at standard conditions are&nbsp; 398 k (25\u00b0C) and 101.3 kPa.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The amount of heat released during the combustion of the fuel depends on the<strong>&nbsp;phase of water in the products.&nbsp;<\/strong>If&nbsp;water is found in the gas phase&nbsp;in the products, the value of total heat release is called as the&nbsp;<strong>lower heating value (LHV)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>For&nbsp;water vapor in the condensed form, additional heat energy (which is equal to the latent heat of vaporization) is extracted. Then the total energy release is called&nbsp;<strong>higher heating value (HHV)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The value of the LHV is calculated from the&nbsp; HHV and latent heat of&nbsp; phase change for water to vapor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/1.bp.blogspot.com\/-sU7jyLw1F2E\/Xs3nc0OdzyI\/AAAAAAAAMWE\/y_8dbJyvf8sj7jrreK-DAWILbaVC_5yMQCK4BGAsYHg\/w400-h69\/LHV_HHV.jpg\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>In above equation&nbsp;<em>N<\/em><em><sub><em><sub>H2O,P<\/sub><\/em><\/sub><\/em>&nbsp;is the number of moles of water in the products. Latent heat for water at STP is&nbsp;<em>h<\/em><em><sub><em><sub>fg<\/sub><\/em><\/sub><\/em>= 2.44 MJ\/kg = 43.92 MJ\/kmol. In combustion literature, the LHV is normally called the&nbsp;enthalpy or heat of combustion (Q<sub>c<\/sub>)&nbsp;and is a positive quantity.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In above equation&nbsp;NH2O,P&nbsp;is the number of moles of water in the products. Latent heat for water at STP is&nbsp;hfg= 2.44 MJ\/kg = 43.92 MJ\/kmol. In combustion literature, the LHV is normally called the&nbsp;enthalpy or heat of combustion (Qc)&nbsp;and is a positive quantity.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2267,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[374],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2266","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fuels-and-combustion"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/heating-1.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2266","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2266"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2266\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2268,"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2266\/revisions\/2268"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2267"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2266"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2266"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workhouse.sweetdishy.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2266"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}