The performance of a DC motor can be easily judged from its characteristic curves known as motor characteristics. The characteristics of a motor are those curves that show relation between the two quantities. On the basis of these quantities, the following characteristics can be obtained:
- Speed and armature current, that is, N − Ia characteristics: It is the curve drawn between speed N and armature current Ia. It is also known as speed characteristics.
- Torque and armature current, that is, T − Ia characteristics: It is the curve drawn between torque developed in the armature T and armature current Ia. It is also known as electrical characteristic.
- Speed and torque, that is, N − T characteristics: It is the curve drawn between speed N and torque developed in the armature T. It is also known as mechanical characteristics.
The following important relations must be kept in mind while discussing the motor characteristics:
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